Disclosed is a method of measuring the throughput of uplink data in a WiBro repeater, the method including the operations of: (a) extracting a plurality of tiles from a predetermined number of symbols that are collected over a plurality of times by performing frequency conversion on the uplink data; (b) calculating power values for the respective extracted tiles; (c) calculating an average noise value from the calculated power values; (d) calculating a threshold value, which is used to identify noise, from the average noise value, and calculating the number of tiles having power values more than the threshold value; and (e) calculating the throughput by estimating based on the number of the tiles the number of subchannels carrying data.