The present invention relates to a lithium battery positive electrode comprising an active substance that can occlude and release lithium ion, a carbon-based conductivity enhancer, and a binder, characterized in that the positive electrode contains the carbon-based conductivity enhancer in an amount of 0.1 to 2 mass % on the basis of the entire mass of the positive electrode, and that the carbon-based conductivity enhancer contains a carbon fiber having a mean fiber diameter of 1 to 200 nm, wherein the active substance that can occlude and release lithium ion is contained in an amount, as calculated from the true density of the active substance, of 70% by volume or more on the basis of the total volume of the positive electrode; and relates to a lithium battery using the a lithium battery positive electrode. The positive electrode obtained by the present invention has an excellent electrolyte permeability and electrolyte retention. Therefore, it is better adapted to high-density lithium battery.