A nanowire light emitting device and method of fabricating the same. The nanowire light emitting device includes: a substrate; a first electrode layer formed on the substrate; a plurality of nanowires vertically formed on the first electrode layer, the nanowire having a p-type doped portion and an n-type doped portion formed separately from each other on both sides thereof; a light emitting layer formed between the p-type doped portion and the n-type doped portion; and a second electrode layer formed on the nanowires, wherein the p-type doped portion is formed by chemically binding a radical having an only half-occupied outermost orbital shell to a corresponding surface of the respective nanowires so as to donate an electron to the radical.