An image display device using a one-dimensional hologram is disclosed. The image display device includes a light deflection unit which deflects a parallel light ray and adjusts the incident angle of a reconstructing light in sequence, and a one-dimensional hologram optical modulator which reproduces the entire picture by updating each lineal picture in sequence. A one-dimensional hologram is capable of expressing one lineal picture at one time with single axes data. The one-dimensional hologram is updated in synchronization with the incident reproducing light. The input data for a one-dimensional hologram may be computed by an optical calculation method.