In some embodiments, an X-ray target is produced by the method of: stacking a primary substrate layer and a focal track layer, the primary substrate layer being formed of primary substrate material, the focal track layer being formed of emitting material; and bonding the emitting material to the primary substrate material by heating a primary compacted interface to an elevated temperature while maintaining the elevated pressure for a time period to form a primary bonded interface of the emitting material and the primary substrate material. In some embodiments, an X-ray target includes a focal track layer of emitting material, a primary substrate layer bonded to the focal track in a primary bonded interface, and a secondary substrate layer bonded to the primary substrate material in a secondary bonded interface by one of diffusion bonding, diffusion brazing and brazing.