For the purpose of providing an X-ray tomographic imaging apparatus for displaying a dual-energy image to facilitate diagnosis by an operator, an X-ray tomographic imaging apparatus (10) comprises: an image comparison information calculating section (24) for calculating image comparison information between said first-energy projection dataset (LD) or first-energy tomographic image (LT) and said second-energy projection dataset (HD) or second-energy tomographic image (HT); a region-of-interest defining section (23) for defining a region of interest; a weighting factor determining section (25-2) for determining a weighting factor for use in weighted subtraction processing between said first-energy projection dataset or first-energy tomographic image and said second-energy projection dataset or second-energy tomographic image, such that said image comparison information in said region of interest can be substantially eliminated by conducting said weighted subtraction processing; and a dual-energy image reconstructing section (22) for reconstructing a dual-energy image by conducting weighted subtraction processing between said first-energy projection dataset or first-energy tomographic image and said second-energy projection dataset or second-energy tomographic image used in said image comparison information calculating section, using a weighting factor determined at said weighting factor determining section.