An opening and closing device for lift-up sliding doors and windows is disclosed. The opening and closing device includes a roller unit (10), which removably contacts a rail (203b) of a support frame (203), a pane frame support unit (20), which is provided in a pane frame (205) and moves away from and approaches the roller unit, a handle (5), which is rotatably provided on a leading end of the pane frame, and a lift operating unit (7), which moves the pane frame support unit with respect to the roller unit. The lift operating unit (7) includes a lift operating bar (40), which is movably provided in the leading end of the pane frame and is coupled to the roller unit, and a lift operating gear unit (60). The lift operating gear unit has a drive gear (61), which is coupled to the handle, a driven gear (65), which increases the rotating force of the drive gear, and a rack gear (67), which engages with the driven gear.