The present invention relates to a transmitting apparatus, a transmitting method, a receiving apparatus, a receiving method, a transceiver, a communication apparatus and method, a recording medium, and a program in which high quality voice can be decoded. A cellular telephone 421-1 outputs coded voice data and also supplies uncoded voice sample data to a switching center 423 while a telephone call is not made. Based on voice data used for the previous calculation processing and newly input voice data, the switching center 423 performs calculation processing for quality-improving data for improving the quality of voice to be output from a cellular telephone 421-2 that receives the coded voice data. The switching center 423 stores the optimal quality-improving data as a user information database in association with the cellular telephone 421-1. The cellular telephone 421-2 decodes the coded voice data based on the optimal quality-improving data supplied from the switching center 423. The present invention can be applied to cellular telephones.