The present invention relates to an image processing apparatus, method, and program that are capable of improving image quality. A deblocking filter 113 adjusts the value of disable_deblocking_filter_idc, slice_alpha_c0_offset_div2, or slice_beta_offset_div2 on the basis of Activity of an image calculated by an activity calculation section 141, the total sum of orthogonal transformation coefficients of the image calculated by an orthogonal transformation section 142, Complexity of the image calculated by the rate control unit 119, or the total sum of prediction errors of the image calculated by a prediction error addition unit 120. The present invention is applicable to an encoding apparatus.