An object of the present invention is to provide a high-energy density nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery that controls the rise in temperature during short circuiting. Used is a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 1, including a battery case 2, and a positive electrode plate 5 having a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode mixture layer containing a cathode material capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium, a negative electrode plate 6 having a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode mixture layer containing an anode material capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium, a separator 7 held between the positive and negative electrode plates, and a nonaqueous electrolyte that are enclosed in the battery case, wherein at least one of the positive electrode plate 5 and the negative electrode plate 6 has an electrode plate resistance, as determined in the charged state in the thickness direction when pressurized at 50 kg/cm2, of 0.4 Ω·cm2 or more.