A fountain solution composition for lithographic printing characterized by comprising at least one selected from 2,4-diethyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol and 1,2-octanediol, and at least one selected from compounds represented by the following general formula (I) or (II): wherein R3 to R5 each independently represent hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, a mercapto group, —SO3M1 or —COOM1, and M1 represents hydrogen atom, an alkali metal or NH4.