The object of the invention is to provide a composition for forming an upper layer film for immersion exposure capable of forming an upper layer film effectively inhibited from developing defects through an immersion exposure process, such as a watermark defect and dissolution residue defect. Also provided are an upper layer film for immersion exposure and a method of forming a resist pattern. The composition for forming an upper layer film includes a resin ingredient and a solvent. The resin ingredient includes a resin (A) having at least one kind of repeating units selected among those represented by the formulae (1-1) to (1-3) and at least either of the two kinds of repeating units represented by the formulae (2-1) and (2-2). (1-1) (1-2) (1-3) (2-1) (2-2) [In the formulae, R1 represents hydrogen or methyl; R2 and R3 each represents methylene, linear or branched C2-6 alkylene, or alicyclic C4-12 alkylene; R4 represents hydrogen or methyl; and R5 represents a single bond, methylene, or linear or branched C2-6 alkylene.].