The invention relates to a nanofiber fabrication method comprising nanofiber growth from a catalyst zone, furthermore comprising the following steps: producing at least one micropattern (11) on the surface of a substrate (1); producing a catalyst zone (50) on the surface of said micropattern; nanofiber growth from the catalyst zone, characterized in that the micropattern (11) comprises a base, at least partially convergent side walls and an upper face, said base being covered with a so-called “poison” layer (4) where no nanofiber growth catalysis effect can take place, the so-called “poison” layer not being present on said upper face; the base being covered with a catalyst layer (5) on the surface of the so-called “poison” layer; the thickness of the “poison” layer and the thickness of the catalyst layer being such that the nanofibers cannot grow either on the side walls or on the base of the micropatterns constructed beforehand.