A photovoltaic device that exhibits improved light absorption properties for the electric power generation layer and a process for producing such a photovoltaic device are provided by optimizing the surface shape of the back surface structure. A photovoltaic device 100 comprising a first transparent electrode layer 2, an electric power generation layer 3, a second transparent electrode layer 6 and a back electrode layer 4 provided sequentially on a substrate 1, wherein the back electrode layer 4 comprises a thin film of silver, and the surface of the second transparent electrode layer 6 on the surface of the back electrode layer 4 has a fine uneven texture, for which the surface area magnification ratio relative to the projected surface area is not less than 10% and not more than 32%. Also, a photovoltaic device comprising a first transparent electrode layer 2, an electric power generation layer 3, a second transparent electrode layer 6 and a back electrode layer 4 provided sequentially on a substrate 1, wherein the back electrode layer 4 comprises a thin film of silver, the back electrode layer-side surface of the second transparent electrode layer 6 has a fine uneven texture, and the second transparent electrode layer 6 comprises needle-like crystals.