A holographic recording medium in which information can be reproduced by phase conjugate beam without requiring a mirror for obtaining the phase conjugate beam and its driving part and recording density is not reduced. The recording medium includes a recording layer in which an interference pattern is recorded and a light absorption/transmission layer which can be reversibly changed to be in a first state where signal beam and reference beam passed through the recording layer are absorbed at the time of recording of information and a second state where the reference beam is transmitted at the time of reproduction of information, and the reference beam transmitted through the light absorption/transmission layer is reflected by a reflection layer to produce the phase conjugate beam.