A therapeutic agent for cerebral ischemic injury contains at least one selected from L-alanyl-L-histidine and glycyl-L-histidine as an active ingredient. The therapeutic agent for cerebral ischemic injury preferably has a dosage form as an injection for intravenous administration. The therapeutic agent for cerebral ischemic injury having a dosage form as an aqueous injection contains at least one selected from L-alanyl-L-histidine and glycyl-L-histidine at a concentration of preferably 0.3 to 3.5 mol/L, and more preferably 0.6 to 2.1 mol/L.