A system and method for generating and detecting identifier sequence of a bandwidth-limited transmitter are disclosed, comprising an identifier sequence generating portion and a detection portion. The identifier sequence generating portion comprises: generating a frequency-domain random sequence; generating a frequency-domain orthogonal sequence; performing frequency-domain truncation; performing frequency-time transformation; and performing cycle extension. The identifier sequence receiving portion comprises: truncating the time-domain for the received signal; performing time-frequency domain transformation to obtain a frequency-domain signal; generating frequency-domain random sequence; generating a frequency-domain orthogonal sequence; correlating the frequency-domain orthogonal sequence with the frequency-domain signal de-scrambled by the frequency-domain random sequence; and detecting an output from a frequency-domain correlator by a threshold detecting device and determining the transmitter identifier sequence. The random sequence bandwidth generated by the system and the method of the present invention can be configured flexibly according to transmission bandwidth requirement, and the sequence may be arbitrarily allocated at the power of each frequency point inside the bandwidth. The present invention may be widely applied to multimedia broadcasting, terrestrial radio broadcasting, cable broadcasting and the like.