Provided are method and apparatus for receiving data in a wireless communication system. The method includes receiving data through one antenna or a plurality of reception antennas; measuring received signal power levels and a noise power level from the received data; calculating a gain control value of an automatic gain control process; compensating the measured received signal power levels based on the calculated gain compensation value; calculating a predetermined ratio based on the compensated received signal power levels and the noise power level; and restoring the received data using the calculated predetermined ratio.