A method and device for transmitting and receiving a video stream are provided. The transmitting method includes receiving auxiliary information and one or more video streams, and distributing them as one or more pieces of lane data; transmitting the lane data to a receiving device; and receiving a result value that indicates whether a video processing unit for processing one of the one or more video streams works normally. The receiving method includes receiving one or more pieces of lane data that include auxiliary information and one or more video streams; merging the lane data into one or more video streams; selecting a video processing unit based on the auxiliary information, where one or more video processing units process the video streams; generating a result value for the selected video processing unit that indicates whether the video processing unit works normally; and transmitting the result value to a transmitting device.