A data processing apparatus may include a plurality of buffer units that stores data, a data write control unit that writes input data to any one of the plurality of buffer units by exclusively controlling the plurality of buffer units, and a data read control unit that reads data to be output from any one of the plurality of buffer units by exclusively controlling the plurality of buffer units. The data write control unit may output a data write completion signal indicating that the writing of the data is completed when the writing of the input data is completed. The data read control unit may output a data read completion signal indicating that the reading of the data is completed when the reading of the data to be output is completed.