Disclosed are an apparatus and method for performing group-based machine to machine (M2M) communication. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method in which a plurality of M2M communication devices from a group, and a specific M2M communication device which is a member of the group performs communication with a base station, comprises the following steps: transmitting, to the base station, a first message for requesting network registration; receiving, as a response to the first message, a second message containing information on the representative M2M communication device which is a representative of the group; and transmitting, to the representative M2M communication device, data to be transmitted to the base station on the basis of the second message.