An apparatus manages robot components in a robot. The apparatus includes a component monitoring unit to monitor a state of the robot components and a breakdown decision unit to judge whether or not any robot components are broken down based on the monitoring results and generate breakdown information corresponding to the breakdown decision results. The apparatus further includes a recovery policy management unit to choose a recovery policy model necessary to recover the breakdown using the breakdown information and a breakdown recovery unit configured to recover the broken robot component based on the chosen recovery policy model.