The present invention relates to a cosmetic care and/or makeup composition comprising at least 65% by weight relative to its total weight of an aqueous phase, at least 2% by weight relative to its total weight of pigments in the form of pigmentary particles that are dispersed and/or dispersible in aqueous medium, at least one water-soluble or water-dispersible gelling agent in a content ranging from 0.05% to 40% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and at least one polyol containing from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, said composition having a viscosity at least equal to 600 Pa·s at a shear of 0.010 s—and less than 0.8 Pa·s at a shear of 1000 s—, and said pigmentary particles being first formed from an intimate mixture of said pigments and from at least one polyol.