Disclosed herein is a method and system for controlling the lifting operation of a wearable robot. A final force that must be applied by the robot to an object upon conducting a lifting operation is derived based on a difference between a weight force applied by the object to the robot and an apply force applied by a wearing user to the robot. A target position to which the robot lifts the object is set. A spring-damper virtual force model is applied to an end of the robot and to joints of the robot, the final force is converted into final torques required by the joints of the robot by being incorporated into the virtual force model, and then the joints of the robot are operated based on the final torques. The final force is fixed once the robot has lifted the object to the target position.