An artificial hip joint consisting of multi-layer shell core composite structural components includes an artificial acetabular bone (1) and an artificial femoral head (2) which are mutually matched with each other. The artificial acetabular bone (1) has a multi-layer shell core composite structure and is constituted of a ceramic acetabular bone lining (1-1), transitional layers (1-2, 1-3), an acetabular bone shell made of a porous metal or a porous alloy or a porous toughened ceramic (1-4). The artificial femoral head (2) has a multi-layer shell core composite structure and is constituted of a ceramic spherical shell layer (2-1), a transitional layer (2-5) and a toughened ceramic inner core (2-2). The artificial acetabular bone lining and the artificial femoral head spherical shell layer of the hip joint have high rigid, anti-corrosion and anti-wear performance. The artificial acetabular bone shell layer and the femoral head inner core layer have high tough, shockresistant performance.