Provided are a method and an apparatus for a terminal performing uplink HARQ in a multi-node system comprising a plurality of nodes and a base station, which is connected to and can control each of the plurality of nodes. The method comprises the following steps: receiving information on control channel allocation from the base station; transmitting uplink data to at least one node from the plurality of nodes; and receiving from the at least one node an acknowledgement/not-acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) signal with respect to the uplink data, based on the information on the control channel allocation.