A problem is to provide polyhydroxyurethane microparticles, which have a narrow particle size distribution and are applicable to a wide range of use. Provided are polyhydroxyurethane microparticles which are spherical polymer microparticles having particle sizes of 0.1 μm to 300 μm. A polymer that makes up the polymer microparticles has in a structure thereof chemical structure units represented by the following formula (1) and/or chemical structure units represented by the following formula (2). In the chemical structure units (1) and (2), —O—CO— bonds have been derived from carbon dioxide.