Embodiments of techniques and systems for biometric-data-based media encryption are described. In embodiments, an encryption key may be created for a recipient user based at least in part on biometric data of the recipient user. This encryption key may be maintained on a key maintenance component and used by a sharing user to encrypt a media file for access by the recipient user. One or more access policies associated with recipient user may be encrypted in the encrypted media file as well. In embodiments, the media file may be encrypted for use by multiple recipient users. When a recipient user desires to access the encrypted media file, a decryption key may be generated in real time based on contemporaneously captured biometric data and used to provide access to the encrypted media file. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.