A firearm cleaning kit includes a base cleaning kit, at least one module attachment element affixed to an exterior portion of the base cleaning kit, and a first modular kit case adapted for storing at least one specialized cleaning implement. The base cleaning kit is adapted to store cleaning implements for a first class of firearm. The base cleaning kit includes a tool insert secured to an interior region of the case, and a first firearm cleaning tool secured within the tool insert. The first modular kit case is sized smaller than the base cleaning kit, and includes a first external fastening element adapted for releasable securement to the at least one module attachment element of the base cleaning kit. The specialized cleaning implement not included in the base cleaning kit.