A capacitor, and methods of its manufacture, having improved capacitance efficiency which results from increasing the effective area of an electrode surface are disclosed. An improved “three-dimensional” capacitor may be constructed with electrode layers having three-dimensional aspects at the point of interface with a dielectric such that portions of the electrode extend into the dielectric layer. Advantageously, embodiments of a three-dimensional capacitor drastically reduce the space footprint that is required in a circuit to accommodate the capacitor, when compared to current capacitor designs. Increased capacitance density may be realized without using high k (high constant) dielectric materials, additional “electrode—dielectric—electrode” arrangements in an ever increasing stack, or serially stringing together multiple capacitors.