Technologies for one-touch device personalization include at least two mobile computing devices configured to communicate with a personalization server. The first mobile computing device tracks changes to device personalization data and backs up the personalization data to the personalization server. The personalization server associates the personalization data to authenticated user credentials. The personalization server may store the personalization data in an operating-system-independent format. Later, a second mobile computing device sends a request for personalization including those user credentials. After authenticating the user credentials, the personalization server sends the personalization data to the second mobile computing device, which installs the personalization data. Installing the personalization data establishes a configuration of the second mobile computing device corresponding to a previous configuration of the first mobile computing device. For increased convenience and security, the user credentials may be stored on a smart card or other security device. Other embodiments are described and claimed.