A light-emitting device includes an excitation light source that emits excitation light; a first substrate which is disposed so as to face the excitation light source and on which a fluorescent layer and a first low-refractive-index layer are formed, the fluorescent layer being excited by the excitation light to emit fluorescence; and a barrier that surrounds side surfaces of the fluorescent layer, the side surfaces extending in a stacking direction of the excitation light source and the first substrate. At least a portion of the barrier that faces the fluorescent layer has a light-scattering property. The first low-refractive-index layer is located between the fluorescent layer and the first substrate. The first low-refractive-index layer has a refractive index lower than that of the first substrate.