A method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving data in a communication system using beamforming are provided. The transmission method includes transmitting a control channel signal in a control channel region of a subframe using a first transmission beam of a base station. The transmission method also includes transmitting a data signal during a predetermined time period of a data region after the control channel region in the subframe using a second transmission beam determined based on the first transmission beam. The transmission method further includes transmitting a data signal in a remaining data region following the predetermined time period using a scheduled transmission beam.