Provided are methods of managing and storing distributed files based on an information-centric network (ICN). A method of managing distributed files performed by an ICN node includes receiving a message for requesting provision of data from a first network node, determining whether a name of the requested data is identical to a name of data stored in the ICN node, and adaptively providing the data to the first network node based on a result of the determination. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the overall network load by preventing duplication of a data access path.