The purpose of the invention is to provide a fault detection system etc., that reduces shift power in scan-out while maintaining the fault coverage. The fault detection system configured to detect a fault in a logic circuit by means of a scan test, includes: multiple flip-flops; a final signal generation unit that generates a final signal indicating a final capture in a capture mode; an assignment unit that differs from the logic circuit and the flip-flops, and that sets a logic signal for a part of the flip-flops upon receiving the final signal; and a fault detection device that detects a fault by making a comparison between a test output captured from the logic circuit and including the logic value set by the assignment unit and a test output to be obtained when the logic circuit has no fault and including the logic value set by the assignment unit.