A water-repellent and oil-repellent composition, including an incompletely condensed product P2 obtained by further condensing an incompletely condensed product P1 containing a fluorine-containing alkoxy silane unit a derived from a fluorine-containing alkoxy silane compound α represented by the following general formula (1) with an alkoxy silane compound β represented by the following general formula (2), wherein a content a1 (mol %) of the fluorine-containing alkoxy silane unit a in the incompletely condensed product P1 and a content a2 (mol %) of the fluorine-containing alkoxy silane unit a in the incompletely condensed product P2 satisfy a relationship represented by the following expression (1): Rf-Yq-Ap-Z—SiX3   General formula (1) R—SiX3   General formula (2) a1/a2≧2   Expression (1).