The invention concerns a method for identifying the oak species including the following steps of: Providing an oak wood sample; Preparing said sample; Performing at least one analysis on the wood sample so as: to identify: from one to three molecules belonging to a 1st category of molecules defined by the derivatives of oleanane-type triterpenes which derive from an aglycone of empirical formula C30H48O6, from one to three molecules belonging to a 2nd category of molecules defined by the derivatives of oleanane-type triterpenes which derive from an aglycone of empirical formula C30H46O7, as well as derivatives of oleanane-type triterpenes which derive from an aglycone of empirical formula C30H46O8, then to determine the concentration of the identified molecules; Determining a ratio R; Identifying the oak species.