The present invention relates to wireless network technologies, and particularly to a chain-type wireless sensor network-oriented hybrid media access control (MAC) method. The present invention fully considers features of a chained or linear topology of a wireless sensor network applied in power transmission line monitoring and the like, adopts different access policies at different periods of the network, and proposes a method of time division access control Pipelined TDMA during busy periods and contention access control S-XMAC during idle periods. During busy periods, a pipelined scheduling transmission method is used to avoid the problem of hidden terminals so as to improve transmission reliability and resource utilization. During idle periods, different MAC parameters are set for cluster head members and ordinary cluster members, so that the cluster head members can respond to requests in a more timely manner, and meanwhile, the ordinary cluster members save energy as much as possible, thereby meeting requirements for network real-time quality of the application system while saving energy of the network.