A carriage structure for a vehicle test may include a power train substitution part provided in a front wheel carriage frame and including weight plates mounted at a connection part at which an upper member and a center beam are connected to each other, door substitution parts provided at both sides of the front wheel carriage frame, connected to the power train substitution part, and including an upper beam and an lower beam formed in the horizontal direction while having a predetermined interval therebetween and coupled to a rear stand formed in the vertical direction; and a rear wheel carriage substitution part provided at the rear of the front wheel carriage frame, connected to the door substitution parts, and including a floor member forming a lower portion thereof, a truss part connecting the floor member and the front wheel carriage frame to each other, and a weight member.