There is provided a liquid crystal composition whose refractive index anisotropy (Δn) and nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (Tni) are sufficiently high, whose viscosity (η) is sufficiently low, whose rotational viscosity (γ1) is sufficiently low, whose elastic constant (K33) is high, whose dielectric anisotropy (Δ∈) is high or whose Δ∈ is negative with a large absolute value, and whose decrease in reliability after UV irradiation is small, and also provide a liquid crystal display element including the same, which has the excellent display quality and the high response speed. It has been found that the above object can be achieved by forming a polymerizable compound containing liquid crystal composition, which includes a polymerizable compound with a particular chemical structure and a non-polymerizable liquid crystal compound, the polymerizable compound with a particular chemical structure being contained at a particular ratio, and a liquid crystal display element including the same.