The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for an inter-cell load distribution and interference mitigation in a wireless communication system, and the inter-cell load distribution method by a first base station in a heterogeneous network wireless communication system including the first base station and a second base station for solving the above-described problem, comprises the steps of: setting a reserved area for the second base station so as to distribute an inter-cell load; and managing a terminal according to the reserved area.