The present invention relates a peptide having cancer selective translocation function, and the use thereof, and more particularly to a VEGF-binding protein transduction domain (VPTD) represented as SEQ ID NO: 1 or a heparin-binding protein transduction domain (HPTD) represented as SEQ ID NO: 2, which bind specifically to VEGF and heparin, which are overexpressed specifically in tumor cells or tumor tissues, and to a conjugate comprising a drug linked to the peptide.The peptide and the peptide-drug conjugate bind specifically to VEGF and heparin in tumor cells or tumor tissue and accumulate in the tumor cells or tumor tissue, and thus can be used for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Also, the non-specific distribution of the peptide or the conjugate in the body after administration is inhibited, and thus the side effects thereof can be minimized. Accordingly, the peptide or the conjugate is useful for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.