The present application provides a display substrate and a display device. The display substrate includes a display region and a non-display region, a surface layer of the display region being rubbed to form an alignment layer, the non-display region being provided with a test electrode, the test electrode including multiple strip-shaped first sub-electrodes, the extending direction of the first sub-electrodes being the same with the direction of the rubbing for forming the alignment layer. By dividing the test electrode into multiple strip-shaped first sub-electrodes and the extending direction of the first sub-electrodes (i.e., the length direction) being the same as the rubbing direction of the rubbing to form an alignment layer, the display substrate can make the alignment of the alignment layer formed by the rubbing consistent and uniform, thereby avoiding the occurrence of Rubbing Mura when the alignment layer is formed by the rubbing.