Technologies are generally described for use of orientation markers to determine object orientation and/or deformation. In some examples, an orientation marker for a physical object may include an alignment structure and encode information about the alignment structure. For example, the orientation marker may encode the size of the alignment structure, the orientation of the alignment structure, and the location of the alignment structure with respect to some physical point on the physical object and/or other orientation markers on the physical object An orientation system may then use the encoded information to determine the orientation and/or alignment of the object. The orientation system may also use the encoded information to determine whether the physical object is deformed.