An eyeprint recognition-based mobile terminal camera self-adaptation adjustment method and system may include detecting in real time whether or not eyeprint recognition software in the mobile terminal uses a camera; acquiring a light brightness value of a current environment and calculating a current exposure initial value according to the light brightness value if the eyeprint recognition software in the mobile terminal uses the camera; and transmitting the current exposure initial value to the camera so that the camera performs self-adaptation adjustment on camera shooting configuration parameters according to the current exposure initial value.