Provided herein is an In-Memory DB connection support type scheduling method and system for real-time big data analysis in distributed computing environment. The data processing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure analyzes data based on a distributed computing environment using a distributed system and dynamically alters a structure of a distributed DB constituting the distributed system based on the distributed computing environment. By this method, it is possible to secure concurrency adaptively to the distributed computing environment by dynamically managing the number of shards, and secure real-timeliness through TMO-based scheduling, thereby ultimately improving the speed/efficiency of big data analysis.