The present invention relates to the communications field, and provides a channel measurement method, a base station, and UE, to perform channel measurement without affecting downlink data transmission. The method includes: obtaining, by UE, a reference signal resource mapping diagram, and obtaining a reference signal according to the reference signal resource mapping diagram; performing, by the UE, channel measurement according to the reference signal to determine channel state information, and feeding back the channel state information to a base station, where the reference signal resource mapping diagram is a location to which a time-frequency resource of the reference signal is mapped, the reference signal resource mapping diagram is a first reference signal resource mapping diagram or a second reference signal resource mapping diagram.