The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of wireless communications, and in particular to a method and device for detecting data transmission and received signals, which are used for solving the problem in the prior art that it is disadvantageous for signal detection due to the fact that when a receiving end is detected in the scenario that each column of an encoding matrix of PDMA corresponds to one layer of data stream, multiple layers of data modulation symbols are superposed. The embodiments of the present application adjust various layers of data modulation symbols modulated by an initial modulation constellation diagram according to a modulation constellation rotating factor corresponding to various layers of data modulation symbols, so that the modulation constellation diagrams corresponding to various layers of data modulation symbols are not superposed, thereby preventing the problem of being disadvantageous for signal detection of a receiving end due to the fact that multiple layers of data modulation symbols are superposed in the scenario that each column of the encoding matrix of PDMA corresponds to one layer of data stream; and further improving the system performance.