A power battery and a power battery top cap structure for a power battery are provided. The power battery top cap structure includes first and second electrode assemblies, a lower insulation member, a top cap piece, and an abutment member. Both the first and second electrode assemblies are fixed on the top cap piece. The lower insulation member is fixed below the top cap piece. The lower insulation member includes, along an X axis, a snapping portion and a connecting portion. The abutment member extends along a Y axis and abuts between the connecting portion and the top cap piece so that a minimum distance between the connecting portion and the top cap piece along the Z axis is G3, where G3>0. G3 may be greater than a minimum distance between the connecting portion and the top cap piece when the lower insulation member is fixed without the abutment member.