For distributed processing using forecasted location-based IoT device clusters, at a central IoT device, a data source that is to be used and a duration for processing a workload is determined. A set of IoT devices operating within a threshold distance from the data source at a first time is selected. A subset of the set is selected to form a sub-cluster of IoT devices where a forecasted travel path of a member IoT device in the subset keeps the member within the threshold distance from the data source for the duration. A lightweight application is configured at a first IoT device in the subset which enables the first IoT device to participate in the sub-cluster and process the workload.